Governance heraldry

Or, four pallets Gules.

Escudo de oro, cuatro palos de gules.

Recreated coat of arms of Aragón in the following manner: the escutcheon shape is pointed and rounded; the field is rendered in flat Or; the pallets are illuminated; and the whole has a parchment-like finish.

This rendition of the coat of arms is based on [Portolés, J.; Molino, M. del; 1590].

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Or, Four, Pale and Gules.

Style keywords: Ogee, Illuminated and Parchment.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Coat of arms and Kingdom of Aragon.

Bearer: Aragon.

Party per pale: 1 Argent, an elm eradicated Vert; 2 Gules, a castle with an embattled tower Or. Crest: A crown of Marquis.

Arms emblazoned by me, in flat tinctures, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a texturized finishing.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Vert, Gules, Or, One, Party per pale, Elm, Tree, Eradicated, Castle, Embattled, Tower, Crest, Crown of Marquis and Crown.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Ogee.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Casas del Olmo.

Or, a eagle displayed Sable.

Escudo de oro, un águila de sable.

Arms painted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, and with a freehand finish.

Coat of arms of the Arrano Beltza, the black eagle in Basque, emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Or, Sable, One, Eagle and Displayed.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Arrano Beltza.

Gules, a cross vair.

Escudo de gules, una cruz de veros.

Coat of arms interpreted with: a semicircular (round) base; the field in flat tincture of Gules; the vair illuminated and outlined in Sable; and the whole with a roughened finish.

The commune of Bailleul is located in the district of Dunkirk, in the Nord department, in the Nord–Pas-de-Calais region of France.

The coat of arms of Bailleul, called «Belle» in Flemish, is similar to that of the heraldist Gonzalo Argote de Molina, differing in that the commune’s arms bear vair, while the heraldist’s arms bear rounded vair in the ancient style.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Argent, Azure, Cross and Vair.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Rough.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Coat of arms and Kingdom of France.

Bearer: Bailleul, commune of.

Quarterly per saltire: 1 and 4 Or, four pallets Gules; 2 and 3 chequey Or and Sable.

Escudo cuartelado en sotuer: 1^o y 4^o de oro, cuatro palos de gules; 2^o y 3^o ajedrezado de oro y sable.

Arms interpreted with: a lozenge-shaped shield; all tinctures in flat Or, Gules, and Sable; and a heavily beaten metal finish.

Balaguer is the capital of the comarca of La Noguera in the province of Lleida. It was the capital of the county of Urgell under Ponce I of Urgell.

The quartering per saltire, which could also be called quartered in cross, is defined in English as «per saltire», [The Heraldry Society; 2013; page 8].

This coat of arms can be found at [Costa i Cases, P.; Century XVIII; page 15].

Blazon keywords: Quarterly per saltire, Pale, Chequey, Or, Gules and Sable.

Style keywords: Tiled, Plain tincture and Hard metal.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Coat of arms and Kingdom of Aragon.

Bearer: Balaguer, municipality of.

Banner Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable; 2 and 3 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or.

Pendón cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 2^o y 3^o de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules, coronado de oro.

Banner interpreted by me as follows: a rectangle with proportions between its width and height of 5x6; the field is illuminated in flat tinctures Gules and Argent; the two castles and the two lions are illuminated; the lion and its crown are outlined in the colour of the field; the castle is masoned in Sable; and the whole has a parchment-like finish.

In the armorial for the coronation of [Edward IV of England; 1461; column 2, row 25] a banner of these characteristics can be found, the reason for which was Edward IV’s aspiration to this kingdom, an aspiration inherited from his predecessors.

This armorial was produced by different artists, and the one who was assigned to paint the banner of Castile and León seems to have depicted the lions in gold, although this gold is not as yellow as that which colours the castles, whose castles have two very small windows and a door Azure. Because of this difference in shade between lions and castles, one might consider the hypothesis of a degradation of an original purple tincture into an ochre hue.

At the beginning of the armorial these lions also appear in an equestrian representation of Edward IV, where a pinkish tone could recall an original purple and, therefore, support the hypothesis of such degradation.

Finally, there is a third appearance of these lions in another banner combining the arms of Castile and León with those of England, where the colour of the lions more closely resembles that of the banner than that of the equestrian representation.

Blazon keywords: Quarterly, Gules, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Castle, Port and windows, Masoned, Argent, Purpure, Lion, Rampant, Armed, Langued and Crowned.

Style keywords: Illuminated, Rectangular and Old parchment.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Flag, Banner of arms, Kingdom of Castile and Leon and Canting.

Bearer: Castile and León.

Gules, on a trimount issuant from the base Argent a bighorn sheep salient Or, horned Argent.

Escudo de gules, un monte de tres peñas moviente de la punta de plata sumado de un borrego cimarrón saltante de oro, acornado de plata.

Arms devised by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with a chasuble outer contour and with a watercolor finish.

The coat of arms of the Barrio Alto of Mon'Tarena, Queretaro, Mexico, designed by Joaquin Haces Perdomo and me and emblazoned by me. The bighorn sheep is a symbol of strength and is native to the mountains of northern Mexico. Males, like the one depicted in this coat of arms, can weigh up to 300 lbs and are known for their impressive curved horns.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Argent, One, On, Trimount, Issuant from base, Bighorn sheep, Salient and Horned.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Chasuble and Watercolor.

Classification: Civic, Created, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Barrio Alto of Mon'Tarena.

Argent, a bear rampant Sable, langued and armed Gules.

Escudo de plata, un oso rampante de sable, lampasado y armado de Gules.

Arms interpreted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with a rounded trapezoidal outer contour and with a freehand finishing.

The coat of arms of the city of Berlin emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Sable, Gules, One, Bear, Rampant, Langued and Armed.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Rounded trapezoid and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Berlin.

Escudo de gules, un carbunclo cerrado, pomelado de oro; cargado en el centro de una esmeralda en forma de losange de sinople.

The armorial [Urfé; 15^th century] contains only blazons written in French and is not decorated with shields.

The image shows my interpretation of the arms and, beneath it, the blazon of the king of Navarre as follows «Le Roy de Navarre... de gueles à l'escarboucle d'or pommelée alumée de sinoble en la moyenne en guise d'esmeraude» which could be translated as «The King of Navarre... Gules, a carbuncle Or pommetty, illuminated Vert in the middle in the manner of an emerald».

Note that the blazon does not suggest the presence of an emerald, but that the place corresponding to the central boss of the shield, from which the rays of the carbuncle emerge, is enamelled Vert.

In the article Universitas Studiorum Navarrensis about the arms of the University of Navarre I interpret the arms of Navarre borne in profile by the Archangel Saint Michael, which, by my way of painting it, lies halfway between the carbuncle and the chains, with round chain links and long carbuncle rays, where at the centre there is no emerald, but a Vert enamel in the manner of an emerald.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, One, Carbuncle, Pommelled, Or, Charged, In the fess point, Emerald, Vert and Lozenge.

Style keywords: Soft metal, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Shaded.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Navarre.

From 1992 to 1998

Azure, a bendlet Argent between six fleurs de lis Or.

Illuminated with lights and shadows and with a metallic and iridescent finish.

Coat of arms of Stephen Tvrtko I (circa 1338-1391) of the House of Kotromanic and 1^st King of Bosnia and it was also the coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1998.

The bendlet is a diminutive of the bend. It is a diminished bend, narrower, and typically reduced to 1/2 (as in this case) or to 1/3 of the width of a normal bend. This piece is called «cotiza» in Castilian, «cotice» in French, and «cotissa» in Italian. Remember that the width of the bend is usually 1/3 of the width of the coat of arms, therefore the width of the bendlet is between 1/3 * 1/2 = 1/6 and 1/3 * 1/3 = 1/9 of the width of the coat of arm.

Stephen Tvrtko I of Bosnia, from the House of Kotromanic, was a vassal of Louis I of Hungary. Louis I or Louis of Anjou, known as «the Great», from the Royal House of Anjou-Sicily, of the Capetian Dynasty, hence his coat of arms's 2^nd quarter is seeded with fleur de lis, a feature also present in his father Charles I's arms, known as Charles Robert or Caroberto of Anjou. The Kotromanic family had in their coat of arms fleur de lis Or on a Azure field as a symbol of subordination to the Hungarian royal family.

Blazon keywords: Azure, One, Bendlet, Argent, Six, Fleur de lis and Or.

Style keywords: Metal beaten, Iridescent, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Pointed.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, three lions passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure; 2 Or, a lion rampant Gules, armed and langued Azure, within a double tressure flory counterflory Gules; 3 Azure, a harp Or, stringed Argent.

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, lampasados y armados de azur; 2^o de oro, un león de gules, armado y lampasado de azur, encerrado en un trechor doble flordelisado y contraflordelisado de gules; 3^o de azur, un arpa de oro cordada de plata.

Arms depicted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a leather finish.

These are arms of the British Monarchy emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, One, Three, Quarterly, Leopard, Pale, Armed, Langued, Lion, Rampant, Double tressure, Flory, Counterflory, Harp and Stringed.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: British Monarchy.

Gules, a Royal drum of Bunyoro-Kitara proper.

Escudo de gules, un tambor real de Bunyoro-Kitara al natural.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me with a visica piscis shape, illuminated, and with a leather finishing.

Bunyoro Kitara is a Bantu kingdom located in Western Uganda. Its history begun in the 13th century. This kindowm is ruled by the King called Omukama of Bunyoro-Kitara. Now it is a subnational monarchy.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, One, Drum, Royal and Proper.

Style keywords: Vesica piscis, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Bunyoro-Kitara.

City of Ceuta, Spain, Africa

Argent, five escutcheons in cross Azure, each charged with five plates in saltire; a bordure Gules, charged with seven castles triple-towered Or, 2, 2, 2, and 1.

Escudo de plata, cinco escudetes en cruz de azur, cada uno cargado de cinco bezantes en sotuer de plata; una bordura de gules, cargada de siete castillos de oro, dos en jefe, una en cada flanco y tres en punta

Illuminated and a leather finishing.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, Five, Escutcheon, In cross, Azure, Charged, Bezant and plate, Plate, In saltire, Bordure, Gules, Seven, Castle, Or, Two, In chief, One, In each flank, Three and In base.

Style keywords: Leather, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Semi-circular.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted and Kingdom of Spain.

Bearer: Ceuta.

Azure, a sword erect Or, between three garbs Or, 2 and 1.

Escudo de azur, una espada alzada de oro, acompañada de tres gavillas de trigo de oro, 2 y 1.

Coat of arms interpreted with: a rounded base; the field illuminated in Azure; the motto and charges illuminated in Or and outlined in Sable; and the whole with a leather texture.

In England, Wales and Ireland, the term «heraldic visitations» ~ «visitas heráldicas» referred to the inspection tours carried out by the officers of the kings of arms, or even by the kings of arms themselves, with the aim of recording and sanctioning the family trees and coats of arms of the nobility, the counties and the bourgeoisie who bore them.

These journeys took place mainly between the year 1530 and the year 1688. The results of these inspections were recorded in books that could be considered a roll or heraldic census of the upper classes. For this reason, and since then, these records have been a valuable source of information for historians, genealogists and heraldists.

• The 1^st in 1533 visited part of the county of Chester, as part of a journey covering other areas. It is a visitation ordered by the king of arms Thomas Benolte (Benalt) and carried out by the herald William Fellow. This visitation is recorded, for example, in the book [Langton, W.; 1876].
• The 2^nd in 1558, the visitation was carried out by the king of arms Lawrence Dalton himself, accompanied by William Colbarne, a pursuivant ~ official of arms.
• The 3^rd in 1566, by the herald Robert Glover.
• The 4^th in 1580, by the king of arms William Flower and the herald Robert Glover.
• The 5^th in 1591, visiting Chester, the capital, by Thomas Chaloner. This 5^th visitation and the earlier 1^st, 3^rd, 4^th, but not the 2^nd, are recorded in the book [Rylands, J. P.; 1882] and also in [Goldstraw, M. S. J.; 2013a].
• The 6^th in 1613, carried out by the king of arms himself Sir Richard Saint George accompanied by his son and pursuivant Henry Saint George. This visitation is recorded in the book [Armytage, G. J.; Rylands, J. P.; 1909] and also in [Goldstraw, M. S. J.; 2013b].
• The 7^th and last in 1663 by the king of arms William Dugdale. This visitation is recorded in the book [Adams, A.; 1941].

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Azure, Or, Sword, Point upwards, Between, Wheat, Garb and Ordered.

Style keywords: Rounded, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Leather.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic and Cheshire County.

Bearer: Cheshire, County of.

Argent, a cross Gules [for Genoa]; a bordure compony of fifteen sections: 1, 6, and 11 Argent, a pomegranate seeded, slipped and leaved proper [for Granada]; 2, 7, and 12 Or, an eagle displayed Sable [for Navarre]; 3, 8, and 13 Gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Gules, masoned Sable [for Castile]; 4, 9, and 14 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or [for Leon]; 5, 10, and 15 Or, four pallets Gules [for Aragon].

Coat of arms of the city of Almeria, Andalusia, emblazoned by me. These arms combines 1+5=6 coats of arms: Genoa, Granada, Castile (with port and windows Gules instead of Azure), Leon (with the lion Gules instead of Purpure), Navarre (for its old arms, its «Arrano Beltza» ~ «Black Eagle»), and Aragon, as shown in this composition.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Gules, Or, Sable, Vert, One, Four, Fifteen, Cross, Bordure, Compony, Pomegranate, Slipped, Leaved, Proper, Eagle, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, Lion, Rampant, Crowned and Pallet.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Schema, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Almeria, city of.

Azure, a cinquefoil Argent, seeded Gules.

Escudo de azur, un quinquefolio de plata, botonado de gules.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me with plain color Azure and metal Or and with a shape ended with an ogee arch.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Azure, One, Cinquefoil, Argent, Seeded and Gules.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Ogee.

Classification: Interpreted, Lineage, Kingdom of France, Civic and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Haguenau.

Gules, two castles triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable, in chief, seven mullets Argent, 4 and 3.

Coat of arms interpreted by me, in plain tinctures, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular external shape and with a texturized finishing.

Coat of arms of the Comunidad de Madrid emblazoned by me. In English heraldry, the default number of points for the mullet is five unless otherwise specified. Therefore, if a blazon mentions a mullet without further detail, the artist must depict it with five points. Conversely, in Castilian heraldry, stars are conventionally represented with six points by default. When a five-pointed mullet appears in an English blazon, it is mandatory to specify the number of points in the Castilian version of the blazon, as in this case.

Design rationale

The castles derive from Castile, and the 7 mullets come from the bordure of the city of Madrid; they represent the stars of the Plough, the 7 brightest stars of Ursa Major. This coat of arms was adopted by the Comunidad de Madrid on December 23, 1983. Regarding the symbolism of this coat of arms, José Manuel Huidobro told me: «Each star has five points representing the five provinces surrounding Madrid: Ávila, Segovia, Guadalajara, Cuenca, and Toledo. The castles embody the most characteristic symbol of Castile. Both neighboring communities, Castilla-La Mancha and Castilla y León, display them in their coats of arms. The fact that they are paired symbolizes the Community of Madrid’s claim to serve as a link between the two Castiles». He includes the coat of arms of the Comunidad de Madrid in his book [Huidobro Moya, J. M.; 2024; page 214].

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, Argent, Two, Seven, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, In chief and Mullet.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Semi-circular.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Madrid, Comunidad de.

Party per pale: 1 Gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable; 2 Argent. Crest: A closed royal crown Or.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a freehand finishing.

Design rationale

The coat of arms of Castilla-La Mancha was adopted in 1983, it is a recent design. This coat of arms is equal to the flag of Castilla-La Mancha officially approved in 1980 and designed by Ramón José Maldonado y Cocat. The 1^st quarter represents Castilla and the 2^nd quarter the great plane of La Mancha.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Argent, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Party per pale, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, Crest, Closed royal crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Design rationale, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Castilla-La Mancha.

Party per pale Or and Gules. Crest: A mural crown Or.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee outer contour and with a freehand finish.

The coat of arms of the city of Bergamo emblazoned by me. The shield is topped with a mural crown Or, displaying 8 towers, of which 5 are visible, this heraldic crown denotes Bergamo's status as a city.

Blazon keywords: Or, Gules, One, Party per pale, Crest, Mural crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Bergamo.

Gules, three lions passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Coat of arms interpreted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a leather finishing.

These are arms of the Kingdom of England emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Pale, Armed and Langued.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: England, Kingdom of.

Gules, a Saint George nimbed Or, riding a Horse trampling upon a crawling Dragon, Argent.

Interpreted coat of arms: with a rounded and pointed shape; illuminated with metals or and argent and color gules; outlined with sable; and a Watercolor finish.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Saint George, Nimbed, Or, Horse, Dragon and Argent.

Style keywords: Ogee, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Watercolor.

Classification: Coat of arms, Interpreted, Civic and State of Georgia.

Bearer: Georgia.

Or, a eagle displayed Sable, beaked, langued, armed and membered Gules.

Escudo de oro, un águila de sable, picada, lampasada, armada y membrada de gules.

Coat of arms painted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, and with a freehand finish.

Coat of arms for the Federal Republic of Germany emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Or, Sable, Gules, One, Eagle, Displayed, Beaked, Langued, Armed and Membered.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Germany, Federal Republic of.

Azure, a lynx couchant Or.

Escudo de azur, un lince tumbado de oro.

Coat of arms depicted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a leather finishing.

The coat of arms of Gomel~Homyel, Belarus, emblazoned by me. This is preparatory artwork for the crest of the coat of arms of the family of Lucas Cruz.

Design rationale

When Gomel was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, its coat of arms did not feature a lynx. After the city became part of the Russian Empire in 1772, Empress Catherine II granted Gomel in 1775 to Field Marshal Pyotr Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky, who transferred the administrative centre to the nearby town of Novaya Belitsa. That town was granted a new coat of arms on 16 August 1781, already featuring a lynx, with the decree explaining its inclusion "because there are many of these animals in the vicinity of this town." In 1852, Prince Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich restored Gomel as the district's administrative centre, bringing with it the arms of Novaya Belitsa, which were officially adopted as the coat of arms of Gomel on 23 December 1855.

Blazon keywords: Azure, Or, One, Lynx and Couchant.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Design rationale, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Gomel.

Within governance heraldry, I classify the arms of states, as political structures, and those of their powers, their governing and administrative institutions, and their organizational substructures, such as regions, provinces, municipalities, etc.

The arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina, of Bunyoro-Kitara, and of Ceuta are examples of political heraldry.

This class partially coincides with what [Cadenas y Vicent, V. de; 1975; page 87] refers to as «institutional heraldry».

Categories: Criterion and Civic.

Argent, upon a base barry wavy of six Argent and Sable, a trimount Sable.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, and with a watercolor finish.

The coat of arms of Gozo, Republic of Malta, emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Sable, One, Six, Upon, Base, Barry, Wavy and Trimount.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Bull's hide and Watercolor.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Gozo.

Argent, a fess dancetty of four points Gules.

Escudo de plata, una faja encajada de cuatro piezas de gules.

Coat of arms depicted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with a pointed outer contour and with a freehand finish.

G0138, Chief Herald of Arms of Malta's grant of the coat of arms of the municipality of Gudja, Malta. This coat of arms has been emblazoned by me and has been published in the Malta Government Gazette, number 21486, page 10730, with the blazon «Argent a fess dancetty of four points counterdancetty of three points all Gules».

Blazon keywords: Argent, Gules, Four, Fess and Dancetty.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Pointed and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Gudja, municipality of.

Gules, a cross Argent.

Escudo de gules, una cruz de plata.

Existing coat of arms interpreted by me of the following form: the shape of the shield is semi-circular; the tincture of the field is gules; the tincture of the cross is metal argente; and all the coat of arms has a watercolor finish.

In French its blazon is «de gueules à la croix d'argent».

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Argent and Cross.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Coat of arms and House of Savoy.

Bearer: Savoy, Duchy of.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, a lion rampant, double queued Argent, armed, langued, and crowned Or; 2 Azure, a letter «G» Or; 3 Azure, a coronet trefoiled Or

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, un león rampante, de cola horquillada de plata, armado, lampasado y coronado de oro; 2^o de azur, una letra «G» de oro; 3^o de azur, una corona trebolada de oro

This coat of arms is illuminated with lights and shadows and has a finish like glass.

The Hradec Králové Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic. It is located in the historical region of Bohemia. Its capital is Hradec Králové, whose Latin name is «Gradicium», hence its old name «Gradec». The letter «G» seen in both the coat of arms of the Hradec Králové Region and the coat of arms of its capital originates from this historical name. The lion rampant Anrgent, double queued and crowned in the 1^st and 4^th quarters is the symbol of Bohemia, and it also appears in the 1^st and 4^th quarters of the coat of arms of the Czech Republic. «Králové» means «of the queen» in Czech and there is a trefoiled crown in the 3^rd quarter

Blazon keywords: Quarterly, Gules, One, Lion, Rampant, Tail, Double queued, Argent, Armed, Langued, Crowned, Or, Azure, Letter, Coronet trefoiled, Ancient coronet, Crown and Trefoiled.

Style keywords: Glass, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Semi-circular.

Classification: Civic and Interpreted.

Bearer: Hradec Králové Region.

Azure, a harp Or, stringed Argent

Escudo de azur, un arpa de oro, cordada de plata

Illuminated and a leather finishing.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Azure, One, Harp, Or, Stringed and Argent.

Style keywords: Leather, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Ogee.

Classification: Civic, Republic of Ireland, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Ireland.

Israel~ישראל.

Azure, a Menorah between two olive branches Argent; in base the legend
«ישראל» Argent.

Interpreted coat of arms: with a rounded and pointed shape; illuminated with metal argent and color azur; outlined with sable; and a Watercolor finish.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Azure, One, Menorah, Argent, Accosted, Two, Branch, Olive tree, Tree and Motto (identification).

Style keywords: Ogee, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Freehand.

Classification: Coat of arms, Interpreted, Civic and State of Israel.

Bearer: Israel.

Coat of arms of the municipality of Jamilena, province of Jaén.

Or, a cross of Calatrava.

Escudo de oro, una cruz de Calatrava.

Coat of arms interpreted as follows: the shield's shape is a semicircular arch; the field is illuminated in metal Or; the cross of Calatrava is outlined in Sable and illuminated in Gules; and the entire piece has a rough line finish.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Or, Cross of Calatrava, Cross couped and Cross.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Freehand.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Jamilena.

Metal Or over metal Argent.

Argent, a cross potent cantoned of four crosslets potent Or.

Escudo de plata, una cruz potenzada cantonada de cuatro cruces potenzadas todas de oro.

Illuminated with lights and shadows and with a freehand finish.

Perhaps the most classic example of non-compliance with the heraldic rule of tinctures having metal Or over metal Argent. In [Galdiano L.; Century XVII; folio 6], you can see a version of the arms of Jerusalem with the field in Gules, which would indeed follow the rule of tinctures as it is metal on color.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, One, Cross potent, Cross couped, Cantoned, Four and Or.

Style keywords: Freehand, Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Metal on metal.

Classification: Interpreted and Civic.

Bearer: Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Quarterly: 1 Gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable [for Castile]; 2 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or [for Leon]; 3 Or, four pallets Gules [for Aragon]; 4 Gules, a chain orlewise, crosswise, and saltirewise Or, charged in the fess point with an emerald Vert [for Navarre]; enté en point Argent, a pomegranate proper, seeded Gules, slipped and leaved Vert [for Granada]; an inescutcheon Azure, three fleurs de lis Or, 2 and 1, a bordure Gules [for Bourbon].

The image shows the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Spain and, surrounding it, the coats of arms that compose it, arranged radially in order to make their integration into the greater arms visually explicit, there are the arms of Castile, Leon, Aragon, Navarre, and Granada, together with the central inescutcheon of the reigning dynasty. The technical delineation visible in the dexter part of the image reveals a geometric construction based on regular proportions. The central shield establishes the main module, from which arcs and axes are drawn to fix the placement of the surrounding shields.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Azure, Purpure, Vert, Or, Argent, One, Three, Four, Quarterly, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, Lion, Rampant, Crowned, Pallet, Chain, Orlewise, Crosswise, Saltirewise, Charged, In the fess point, Emerald, Enté en point, Pomegranate, Proper, Slipped, Leaved, Inescutcheon, Fleur de lis, Ordered and Bordure.

Style keywords: Ratio, Outlined, Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Kingdom of Spain, Interpreted, Schema, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Spain, Kingdom of.

Or, a fess chequey Gules and Argent.

Escudo de oro, una faja ajedrezada de gules y plata.

Arms emblazoned by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular external shape and with a watercolor finish.

Coat of arms of the County of Mark, Germany. I have emblazoned it with a fess chequy of 3 rows, symmetric and with 9 columns of squares, provided that its height is 1/3 of the width of the coat of arms.

Blazon keywords: Or, Gules, Argent, One, Three, Nine, Fess and Chequey.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Watercolor.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Mark, County of.

Chequey of fifteen Or and Azure; a bordure compony of sixteen sections, eight gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable, eight Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, crowned Or, armed and langued Gules.

Escudo ajedrezado de quince piezas de oro y azur; una bordura componada de dieciséis compones, ocho de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable, ocho de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, coronado de oro, armado y lampasado de gules.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a watercolor finish.

Coat of arm of the municipality of Moguer, Andalusia, emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Or, Azure, Gules, Argent, One, Fifteen, Sixteen, Eight, Chequey, Bordure, Compony, Section, Charged, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, Lion, Rampant, Crowned, Armed and Langued.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Watercolor.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Moguer, municipality of.

[Gules, on a trimount issuant from the base Argent a bighorn sheep salient Or, horned Argent. Motto: «Barrio Alto» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent]; [Party per pale Azure and Argent, a hummingbird volant bendwise counterchanged. Motto: «Barrio del Artista» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent]; [Argent, a bend Azure charged with a jaguar rampant Argent, spotted Azure. Motto: «Barrio Bajo» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent]; and [Argent, a wolf passant Gules, a chief dancetty Azure. Motto: «Barrio de los Quereres» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent].

The coats of arms of Barrio Alto, Barrio del Artista, Barrio Bajo, and Barrio de los Quereres of Mon'Tarena, Querétaro, Mexico, all designed by Joaquín Haces Perdomo and me and emblazoned and signed by me, exhibited at the 5^th International Congress of Genealogy and Heraldry (5^th ICGHV), Vilnius. The 5^th ICGHV was held at the historic National Museum - Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania and was organized by the Genealogijos, Heraldikos ir Veksilologijos Institutas, whose President is Remigijus Bimba, with whom I had the honour of being photographed in the second image.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Azure, Or, Argent, Sable, One, On, Trimount, Issuant from base, Bighorn sheep, Salient, Horned, Party per pale, Hummingbird, Volant, Bendwise, Counterchanged, Bend, Charged, Jaguar, Rampant, Spotted, Wolf, Passant, Chief, Dancetty, Motto and Scroll.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Chasuble.

Classification: Civic, Created, Boa and Photographic.

Bearer: Barrio de los Quereres of Mon'Tarena.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, and masoned Sable; 2 and 3 vair ancient.

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 2^o y 3^o de veros antiguos.

Arms depicted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with an ogee outer contour and with a freehand finish.

Coat of arms of the municipality of Monroy, Caceres, emblazoned by me with vair ancient. I have painted it using vair ancient, as I wish to illustrate with this coat of arms a reflection on the Virgin of the Sagrario of Plasencia, Caceres, dating from the mid-13th century, and on the forty-four coats of arms made of gilded silver sheet that adorn it, featuring lions, castles, and rounded vair ~ vair ancient, these may be associated with the lords of Monroy, a lineage of considerable importance in the town of Plasencia during the Late Middle Ages, can be seen in The Virgin of the Sagrario of Plasencia and the Monroy vair.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Quarterly, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned and Vair ancient.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Monroy, municipality of.

Party per fess, the base per pale: 1 Or, a hurt; 2 Gules and 3 Argent, over both a cross of Malta counterchanged.

Coat of arms of the municipality of Candasnos, Huesca, designed by Valeriano Labara Ballestar, approved by the Government of Aragon. It has been an honor for me to emblazon this version for Valeriano Labara. The image illustrates my process in 3 steps: 1) outlined, 2) plain colors and metals, and 3) light and shadows. [Labara Ballestar, V. C.; 2019; pages 341-368] describes the «reconstruction of the recovery process and adaptation of the municipal historical emblems of Candasnos (Huesca)».

Blazon keywords: Or, Azure, Gules, Argent, One, Party per fess, the base per pale, Hurt, Eight-pointed cross, Cross couped and Counterchanged.

Style keywords: Outlined, Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Illuminated.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Schema, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Candasnos, municipality of.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Argent, five escutcheons in cross Azure, each charged with five plates in saltire; a bordure Gules, charged with seven castles triple-towered Or, 3, 2, and 2 [for Portugal]; the whole debruised by a baston Sable; 2 and 3 party per chevron Argent and Gules, in chief two lions combatant Purpure, armed and langued Gules [for Leon], in base a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable [for Castile]; a bordure compony of eighteen sections Or and vair [for Álvarez de las Asturias].

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de plata, cinco escudetes en cruz de azur, cada uno cargado de cinco bezantes en sotuer de plata; una bordura de gules, cargada de siete castillos de oro, 3, 1 y 3; [de Portugal] brisado de un bastón de sable; 2^o y 3^o de plata, mantelado en punta de gules, en jefe, dos leones afrontados de púrpura, armados y lampasados de gules [de León], en punta un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable [de Castilla]; una bordura componada de dieciocho compones de oro y veros [de Álvarez de las Asturias].

Arms depicted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a metal beaten finish.

Coat of arms of the House of Noronha in Portugal, a lineage of dual royal origin. The House of Noronha originated with Alfonso Enríquez of Castile, Count of Noreña and Gijón, the natural son of King Henry II of Castile, founder of the Trastámara dynasty, and of Elvira Íñiguez. The lineage became linked to the Portuguese Royal House through the marriage of Alfonso Enríquez to Isabel of Portugal, the natural daughter of King Ferdinand I of Portugal, an alliance arranged in the context of the Treaty of Santarém of 1373, which brought an end to the Fernandine Wars, during which Ferdinand I of Portugal confronted the kings of the House of Trastámara over the throne of Castile following the murder of Peter I at the hands of his half-brother Henry. The House of Noronha became established in Portugal, and its arms quarter those of the Kingdom of Portugal, differenced by a brisure consisting of a baston Sable, and those of the House of Trastámara. This coat of arms has been emblazoned for Fernando Durán Cabral de Mello d’Alpoim by me as a preparatory work for his armorial bearings, his coat of arms has a inescutcheon with the arms of the House of Noronha.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Azure, Gules, Or, Sable, Purpure, One, Two, Five, Seven, Eighteen, Quarterly, Escutcheon, In cross, Charged, Plate, In saltire, Bordure, Castle, Triple-towered, Cadency, Baston, Party per chevron, In chief, Lion, Combatant, Armed, Langued, In base, Port and windows, Masoned, Compony and Vair.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Metal beaten.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Noronha, House of.

Azure, on four bars wavy Argent a barbel bendwise Or and a three arch bridge Or, masoned Sable, throughout, supporting a elm couped Argent leaved Or, between, in dexter a tower Or, port and windows Azure, mazoned Sable, and in sinister three escutcheon Or, 2 and 1.

Coat of arms designed by me, in flat tinctures, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a texturized finish.

The coat of arms of Pesquera de Ebro, Burgos, Castile and Leon, designed and emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Three, On, Bar, Wavy, Barbel, Bendwise, Bridge, Masoned, Throughout, Upon, Elm, Tree, Couped (tree), Leaved, Tower, Port and windows, Escutcheon and Ordered.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Semi-circular.

Classification: Civic, Created, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Pesquera de Ebro.

Argent, five escutcheons in cross Azure, each charged with five plates in saltire; a bordure Gules, charged with seven castles triple-towered Or, 3, 2, and 2.

Arms emblazoned by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, and with a freehand finishing.

Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal with 7 castles and 5 plates in each escutcheon since 1481. This coat of arms has been emblazoned by me. From 3 elements onwards, in English, I usually specify the distribution by rows. In this way I write 3, 2 and 2, whereas in Spanish I usually specify the distribution by columns, writing 3, 1 and 3. In both cases the total must be the same; in this case, 7 castles. In Portuguese these escutcheons are known as «quinas».

Blazon keywords: Argent, Azure, Gules, Or, Five, Seven, Escutcheon, In cross, Charged, Plate, In saltire, Bordure, Castle and Triple-towered.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Portugal.

Party per pale: 1 Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable; 2 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or. Crest: An open royal crown. Behind the shield a cross of Alcantara.

Escudo partido: 1^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 2^o de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules, coronado de oro. Timbrado de una corona real abierta. Acolada detrás del escudo una cruz de Alcántara.

Civic coat of arms interpreted by me as follows: the shield of arms has a semicircular (round) base; the quarters are enameled and illuminated in the tinctures Argent and Gules; the castle, the lion, the Cross of Alcántara and the crown are illuminated; the lion and its crown are outlined in the colour of the field; the open royal crown, the Cross of Alcántara and the castle are outlined in Sable; the Cross of Alcántara is fimbriated Or; and the whole has a watercolor finish.

In [Medél, R.; 1846; plate 35, illustration 5] one can see his interpretation of the Cross of Alcántara.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Purpure, Gules, Or, Azure, Party per pale, Castle, Lion, Port and windows, Masoned, Rampant, Armed, Langued, Crowned, Crest and mantling, Crown, Open royal crown, Behind the shield, Cross, Cross of Alcantara and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Cáceres, Province of.

Party per fess, fimbriated Gules: 1^st Azure, two royal drums in fess Argent, stringed Or, each charged with a bar Sable; 2^nd Vert, a monkey statant Argent; overall a fess tierced per fess Azure, Gules, and Vert, fimbriated Argent; overall an inescutcheon Gules, fimbriated Argent. Supporters: Two royal spears in saltire, the dexter per pale Argent and Sable, the sinister per pale Sable and Argent, both shafted Argent.

Coat of arms painted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a vesica piscis external shape and with a leather finish.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Azure, Argent, Or, Sable, Vert, One, Two, Party per fess, Fimbriated, Drum, In fess, Stringed, Charged, Monkey, Statant, Overall (line of division), Fess, Tierced per fess, Overall, Inescutcheon, Supporter (thing), Supporter, Spear, In saltire, Dexter, Party per pale, Sinister and Shafted.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Vesica piscis and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Abahinda Clan, Royal.

Or, the symbol of the Royal House of Kupang Sable.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me with a pointed shape, also called heater, illuminated, and its finishing is that seems leather.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Or, One, Symbol and Sable.

Style keywords: Pointed, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Kupang, Royal House of.

Or, a lion rampant Gules, armed and langued Azure; a double tressure flory counterflory Gules.

Illuminated and a leather finishing.

Blazon keywords: Or, One, Lion, Gules, Armed, Langued, Azure, Double tressure, Flory and Counterflory.

Style keywords: Freehand, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Rectangular.

Classification: Civic, Kingdom of Scotland, Interpreted, Banner of arms and Flag.

Bearer: Scotland.

Argent, a bend Azure charged with a jaguar rampant Argent, spotted Azure. Motto: «Barrio Bajo» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent.

Heraldic device designed by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with a chasuble external shape and with a texturized finish.

The coat of arms of the Barrio Bajo of Mon'Tarena, Queretaro, Mexico, designed by Joaquin Haces Perdomo and me, and emblazoned, dated, signed and sealed by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Azure, Sable, Gules, One, Bend, Charged, Jaguar, Rampant, Spotted, Motto and Scroll.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Chasuble.

Classification: Civic, Created, Boa, Sealed arms and Heraldic document.

Bearer: Barrio Bajo of Mon'Tarena.

Party per pale Azure and Argent, a hummingbird volant bendwise counterchanged. Motto: «Barrio del Artista» Sable with initial letters Gules over a scroll Argent.

The coat of arms of the Barrio del Artista of Mon'Tarena, Queretaro, Mexico, designed by Joaquin Haces Perdomo and me, and emblazoned, dated, signed and sealed by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Azure, Sable, Gules, One, Party per pale, Hummingbird, Volant, Bendwise, Counterchanged, Motto and Scroll.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Chasuble.

Classification: Civic, Created, Boa, Sealed arms and Heraldic document.

Bearer: Barrio del Artista of Mon'Tarena.

Publication of my admission to the Society of Heraldic Arts, on the blog Twelve Lineages of Soria in an article entitled: The heraldic artist Dr. Antonio Salmerón Cabañas SHA, is appointed member of The Society of Heraldic Arts. Alongside my photograph are shown examples of gentilic, political, and religious coats of arms.

Categories: Link, Personal, Civic and Religious.

Root: Twelve Lineages of Soria.

Azure, a plough share points downward Argent between, upon a base enarched Vert, two bell towers Argent, port and window Sable.

This schema shows in 3 steps how I emblazon its coat of arms following the rule of 1/3 of the width of the coat of arms.

Blazon keywords: Azure, One, Plough share, Point downwards, Argent, Between, Two, Bell tower, Port and windows, Sable, Terrace in base and Vert.

Style keywords: Ogee, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Outlined and Plain tincture.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Coat of arms and Schema.

Bearer: Csernely.

Two columns Argent, capital and base Or, above waves Azure. Moto environing the columns: «Plus Ultra» Or over a scroll Gules.

It has been interpreted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a metal beaten finish.

The Pillars of Hercules of the arms of Charles, Holy Roman Emperor, emblazoned by me. This composition has been deliberately designed so that the entire set can be inscribed within a perfect square, ensuring visual balance and making it suitable for use as a self-contained emblem or badge. [Petra Sancta, S.; 1634; pages 415-420] discusses the Pillars of Hercules and devotes a specific section to them, presenting them as a heroic symbol inherited from classical antiquity and reinterpreted in the early modern period. In this context, the columns are first associated with the classical idea of a boundary and subsequently with modern transcendence, that is, with their re-signification under Charles V and the Spanish Monarchy as an emblem of expansion beyond the limits of the ancient world.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Azure, Argent, Or, One, Two, Column, Shafted, Above, Wave, Motto, Environed and Scroll.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Metal beaten.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted and Boa.

Bearer: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.

Azure, a Tryzub Or.

Escudo de azur, un tryzub de oro.

Interpreted coat of arms: with a pointed shape; illuminated with metals or and color azure; outlined with sable; and an iridescent finish for the field and metallic of the tryzub.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Azure, Trident and Or.

Style keywords: Ogee, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Iridescent (nacar) and Soft metal.

Classification: Coat of arms, Interpreted, Civic and State of Ukraine.

Bearer: Ukraine.

Chequey Or and Sable.

Escudo ajedrezado de oro y sable.

Arms interpreted with: a round-topped shield shape; the chequey pattern in flat metal Or and colour Sable; and a heavily beaten metal finish.

[Avilés, J.; 1780a; page 33] writes about the application of the chequey pattern to shields, ordinaries and charges: «chequey is said of the shield, the principal ordinaries, and even some animals, such as eagles, lions, and other charges, when they are composed of alternating square pieces in the fashion of a chessboard.» On the minimum number of panes he generally specifies that «for a shield to be called chequey, it must have at least twenty chessboard panes; because if it has only nine, it is called equipoll; and if it has fifteen, it is said to be of fifteen panes of chequey» and for its application to ordinaries that «other ordinaries, such as bends, fesses, etc., must have at least two rows of chequey to be considered chequey, otherwise they would be called compony.»

Blazon keywords: Chequey, Or and Sable.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Plain tincture and Hard metal.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic, Coat of arms and Kingdom of Aragon.

Bearer: Urgell, County of.

Chequey Or and Azure.

Escudo ajedrezado de oro y azur.

Arms interpreted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a freehand finishing.

Coat of arms of the County of Vermandois, France, emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Or, Azure and Chequey.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Vermandois, County of.