José de Avilés e Iturbide, Marquis of Aviles, member of the Supreme Council of War, «Ciencia heroyca, reducida a las leyes heráldicas del blasón: Ilustrada con exemplares de todas las piezas, figuras y ornamentos de que puede componerse un escudo de armas interior y exteriormente, Volume II», dedicated to Juan Bautista de Orendyn (Juan Bautista de Orendáin y Azpilicueta) of His Majesty's Council, printed by Juan Piferrer of the Ángel's Square, 404 pages, Barcelona, 1725.
[Avilés, J.; 1780b] is a later edition of this Volume I.
Bibliographical reference of century XVIII.
Classification: In black and white and Castilian language.
Author: Avilés e Iturbide, José.
Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:
External resources:
Internal resources: AvilesJ1725.Tomo.II.pdf.
Cecil Humphery-Smith, FHS - Fellow of The Heraldry Society, «Why three Leopards?», Coat of Arms, COA, An Heraldic Quarterly Magazine, issue 126, The Heraldry Society, Baldock, Hertfordshire, summer of 1983.
The coat of arms illustrating this bibliographic reference is that of the Kingdom of England, which was also that of the queen of Castile Leonor Plantagenet.
Bibliographical reference of century XX.
The author is Humphery-Smith, Cecil.
External resource:
Internal resources: HumpherySmithC1983.3Leopards.docx.
As far as possible, in Blason.es I use the heraldic laws of the coat of arms by Jose de Aviles and Iturbide, marquis of Aviles, in his books in 2 volumes [Avilés, J.; 1725a] and [Avilés, J.; 1725b].
But in some cases, for example: a) when I do not find the criteria in these volumes and I have to consult other authors to whom I refer in the bibliography or b) when the doubt is not so much heraldic as of style, artistic technique, historical, linguistic, etc. After studying the case, I then establish my own criteria or I choose the one that seems to me the best reasoned of other authors and heralds and I leave it here written.
Naturally, I am open and grateful to all possible criticisms to these heraldic criteria, that can be sent to , and to review these criteria always with a spirit of improvement.
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Michel Pastoureau and Francisca Garvie, «Heraldry: Its Origins and Meaning», New Horizons collection, edited by Thames and Hudson, London, 1997.
Bibliographical reference of century XX.
The 2 authors are Pastoureau, Michel and Garvie, Francisca.
The Heraldry Society, «Education Pack, A brief explanation of Heraldry for teachers together with explanatory sheets and templates for students», Baldock, Hertfordshire, 2013.
This bibliographical reference is illustrated with the quartered coat of arms of The Heraldry Society.
Bibliographical reference of century XXI.
The author is The Heraldry Society.
Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:
External link:
Internal resources: TheHeraldrySociety2013.EducationPack.pdf.
I am:
The following map shows the location of my studio in Madrid in the Paseo de la Castellana 135, just where the street of Sor Angela de la Cruz is born from the Plaza de Cuzco.
The sculpture of straight bars of stainless steel rotated around an axis made by Andreu Alfaro in 1979, with its 12 meters high, helps the location of my studio.
Credits: Andreu Alfaro is the author of the sculpture.
Sigue por: Emblemata; 1999.
Eagle, Bald eagle, Eagle claw, Dorsal fin, Tail fin, Two hands clasped, Lark, Tree, Trunk, Rainbow, Atom, Barbel, Acorn, Arm, Owl, Horse, Head, Thistle, Kapok tree, Stag, Doe, Crescent, Increscent, Tail, Heart, Roe deer, Neck, Roe deers' attires, Raven, Dolphin, Diamond, Tooth, Elephant, Emerald, Starling, Mullet, Mullet of four points, Star of David, Estoile, Male figure, Fleur de lis, Hop cone, Puffin, Ash, Claw, Talons, Goose, Heron, Seagull, Pomegranate, Sunflower, Falcon, Leaf, Boar, Goldfinch, Laurel, Barn owl, Lion, Lioness, Lion passant, Leopard, Lion rampant guardant, Lynx, Lily, Flame, Wolf, She-wolf, Hand, Apple, Martlet, Wing, Two wings in vol, Covert, Mount, Trimount, Fly, Wrist, Olive tree, Orbital, Bear, Palm frond, Palm tree, Dove, Poplar leaf, Paw, Forepaw, Peacock, Chest, Pelican, Pelican in her piety, Dog, Brach hound, Fish, Hoof, Beak, Quill, Cinquefoil, Quetzal, Branch, Caboshed, Oak, Holm oak, Rose, Double rose, Serpent, Sun in splendour, Ray of the sun, Stem, Badger, Wheat, Wheat spike, Bull, Tulip, Udder, Escallop and Fox.
Halberd, Plough share, Ace of spades, Anchor, Cyclamor, Torch, Arch, Harp, Non-classic artifact, Crozier, Ship, Beret, Grenade, Ecclesiastical cap, Chain, Covered cup, Bell tower, Cannon dismounted, Carbuncle, Castle, Clarion, Nail, Cord, Dagger, Key ward, Turret, With a turret, Sword, Sabre, Scroll, Arrow, Garb, Gauntlet, Axe, Buckle, Spear, Spear's head, Letter, Book, Open book, Page, Line, Key, Four crescents joined millsailwise, Hammer, Menorah, Number, Knot, Celtic Trinity knot, Parchment, Piano, Millstone, Millrind, Millwheel, Clay pot, Bridge, Hourglass, Chess rooks, Compass rose, Rosette of acanthus leaves, Mullet of six points pierced, Broken, Portcullis, Wheel, Wagon-wheel, Symbol, Sackbut, Drum, Tower, Trident, Trumpet, Double vajra and Anvil.
Angel, Heart enflamed, Sacred Heart of Jesus, Paschal lamb, Dragon, Wyvern, Phoenix, Garuda, Griffin, Sea-griffin, Winged hand, Our Lady of Mercy, Pegasus, Saint George, Trinity, Triton, Golden fleece, Unicorn and Ouroboros.
Armed, Azure, Bibliography, Surmounted, Head, Contact, Quarterly, Doctor, In black and white, In the fess point, In pale, The eyes, Schema, Flory, Gules, Langued, Castilian language, Leopard, Or, Party per pale, Without divisions, Kingdom of England, Magazine, Sable, Century XVIII, Century XX, Century XXI, Overall (deprecated), Tressure, Three and Index.
Dr. Antonio Salmerón y Cabañas,
,
Paseo de la Castellana 135,
7th floor,
28046 Madrid, Spain.